Excreted Unchanged %
60-85
Half-Life (Normalesrd) Hours
0.5/6-20
Plasma Protein Binding %
50
Volume Of Distribution L/Kg
0.3-0.42
Dose For Normal Renal Function
0.5-4 million U q4-6h
Adjustment For Renal Failure Method
D
Adjustment For Renal Failure Gfr, Ml/Min >50 [Recommended Level]
100%[D]
Adjustment For Renal Failure Gfr, Ml/Min 10-50 [Recommended Level]
75%[D]
Adjustment For Renal Failure Gfr, Ml/Min <10 [Recommended Level]
20-50%[D]
Supplement For Dialysis [Recommendation Level]: Ihd
IHD: Dose after dialysis
Supplement For Dialysis [Recommendation Level]: Pd
PD: Dose for GFR <10
Supplement For Dialysis [Recommendation Level]: Crrt
CRRT: Dose for GFR 10-50, [B]
References
Golper TA, Marx MA. Drug dosing adjustments during continuous renal replacement therapies. Kidney Int Suppl. 1998; 66: S165-8. [PMID: 9573596] / Joos B, Schmidli M, Keusch G. Pharmacokinetics of antimicrobial agents in anuric patients during continuous venovenous haemofiltration. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1996; 11: 1582-5. [PMID: 8856215]
Toxicity Notes
Seizures. Ten million units/day upper-limit dose in ESRD.